Types

What Is Osteoporosis?

Choose a preferred language

Osteoporosis is a disease that weakens the bones. Weakened bones are more likely to break (fracture). Osteoporosis can affect anyone. But those most at risk are postmenopausal women. To help prevent osteoporosis, you need to exercise and nourish your bones throughout your life.

Graph showing bone growth and loss over woman's lifespan, with and without treatment for osteoporosis.


Childhood

The body builds the most bone during these years. That's why children need foods rich in calcium. They also need plenty of exercise. A healthy diet and exercise helps bones grow strong.


Young adulthood to age 30

During young adulthood, bones become their strongest. This is called peak bone mass. The same good habits that kept bones healthy in childhood help keep bones healthy in adulthood.


Age 30 to menopause

Bone mass declines slightly during these years. Your body makes just enough new bone to maintain peak bone mass. To keep your bones at their peak mass, be sure to exercise and get plenty of calcium.


After menopause

Menopause is when a woman stops having monthly periods. After menopause, the body makes less estrogen (female hormone). This increases bone loss. At this point, treatment may be needed to reduce the risk for fracture. Exercise, calcium, and vitamin D supplements can also help keep your bones strong.


Later in life

In later years, all adults need to take extra care of their bones. By this point, the body loses more bone than it makes. If too much bone is lost, you may be at increased risk for fractures. With age, the quality and quantity of bone declines. You can reduce bone loss by staying active and increasing your calcium and vitamin D intake. Osteoporosis supplements and treatments may have risks, so talk with your healthcare provider if you have concerns. If you have osteoporosis, it is important to learn ways to increase everyday safety.

Online Medical Reviewer: Raymond Turley Jr PA-C

Online Medical Reviewer: Rita Sather RN

Online Medical Reviewer: Thomas N Joseph MD

Date Last Reviewed: 10/01/2024

© 2000-2026 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.

Start your journey toward better health

Select a primary care physician who will deliver personal care, close to home.

Find a Doctor

We have more than 4,500 specialty care physicians in our network

We have you covered from head (neurosurgery) to toe (podiatry.) And everything in-between!

Find a Doctor

Need Help?

Get the right care at the right time.

Learn More
Related Articles
Read article
Orthopedics
Finger Dislocation

How to care for your finger after a dislocation.

Read article
Orthopedics
Understanding Neck Problems

Problems, such as poor posture, injury, and wear and tear, can lead to neck pain.

Read article
Orthopedics
Compression Fracture

A compression fracture is a type of break in the bones in your back that stack up to form your spine. A compression fracture can cause back pain, limited movement, a decrease in height, and a stopped over posture. It often develops as a result of osteoporosis.

Read article
Orthopedics
Understanding a Humerus Fracture

When you have a humerus fracture, it means that your upper arm bone is broken. Depending on the severity of the fracture, healing may take several months or longer.